Châteaude Fénelon: A citadel of History and Philosophy Château de Fénelon

A Cathar Refuge

The origins of the Château de Fénelon date back to the 11th century when the noble Fénelon family first built the fortress. For generations, they owned the lands of Sainte-Mondane and fortified the castle to withstand the turbulence of medieval conflicts.

By the 13th century, the castle of Fénelon had become one of the last refuges for the Cathars, a religious group who sought safety within its walls as their beliefs were increasingly persecuted. While the castle’s early history is steeped in these dramatic struggles, its strategic importance continued throughout the centuries, though it would soon change hands and serve different masters.

From English Rule to French Victory

The Hundred Years’ War brought yet another twist to the castle’s saga. In 1360, during the Hundred Years’ War, the castle was surrendered to the English under the infamous captain-brigand, Bertrucat d’Albret. For a time, it stood as an English outpost, only to be retaken in 1375 by the Duke of Anjou, who saw the importance of securing it for the French crown.

Over the next century, Fénelon castle, though still deemed weak for defensive purposes, underwent significant fortifications, especially during the Wars of Religion.

By 1410, the powerful Salignac family, one of Périgord’s most influential lineages, acquired the property, solidifying their power in the Dordogne Valley. The family would eventually become known as “de Salignac de la Mothe-Fénelon,” establishing their legacy within the castle walls.

One of the most important figures to emerge from this lineage was François de Salignacde La Mothe-Fénelon, born in the castle on 6 August 1651. Known simply as Fénelon, he would grow to become a key figure in French intellectual life. A churchman, academician, and tutor to the grandson of Louis XIV, Fénelon left a lasting impact on French philosophy.

His progressive ideas, which championed idealism and tolerance, greatly influenced the philosophers of the Enlightenment. His boldness, however, earned him the disfavor of Louis XIV, leading to his eventual disgrace. Today, a permanent exhibition in the castle is dedicated to the life and work of this remarkable thinker, whose ideas helped shape modern philosophy.

An imposing triple defense

One of the most unique aspects of the Château de Fénelon is its defensive architecture. The castle is surrounded by a triple enclosure, an unusual feature that emphasises its historical importance as a stronghold. These three layers of walls are flanked byeight towers and two châtelets, all of which remain in an remarkable state of preservation.

This imposing structure, enhanced by centuries of careful fortification, offers visitors a rare opportunity to walk along the same paths once patrolled by medieval soldiers. The ramparts that encircle the castle provide a breathtaking route, giving an intimate glimpse into the castle’s defensive prowess and architectural ingenuity.

A Cedar of Legend

As visitors approach the second Châtelet, which marks the entrance to the castle, they are greeted by a magnificent cedar of Lebanon, which stands 35 meters high. This towering tree was planted in 1651 to mark the birth of the writer Fénelon, a silent witness to the centuries of history that have unfolded beneath its branches.

The Impressive Slate Roof

One of the château’s most striking architectural features is its lauze roof, made of slate and held together by a chestnut framework. The Château de Fénelon boasts one of the largest and best-preserved slate roofs in the Périgord Noir. The massive chestnut framework required to support the immense weight of the slates is a marvel of craftsmanship and engineering.

The Refined Interior

The interior of the château offers a striking contrast to its imposing exterior. While the outer walls may reflect medieval austerity, the rooms within are decorated with grace and attention to historical detail. Furnished tastefully to reflect different periods, the rooms include several bedrooms, an antechamber, a grand hall, a large kitchen, and an armory that houses a fascinating collection of antique weapons. Other highlights include a cabinet of curiosities and a bedroom dedicated to the 1st Empire period.

The castle’s grandeur is further accentuated by the mullioned windows, a graceful vaulted gallery, and a majestic double spiral staircase that once led to the old drawbridge. Fénelon also showcases its refined side through its superb terrace, which offers uninterrupted views over the Dordogne Valley, blending natural beauty with architectural mastery.

A Hollywood Favorite

The international cinematic appeal of the Château de Fénelon hasn’t gone unnoticed. Director Ridley Scott chose the fortress as a location for several key scenes in his film The Last Duel, drawn to the castle’s authentic medieval atmosphere. The castle also served as a backdrop for Ever After – A Cinderella Story, starring Drew Barrymore. With its blend of rugged history and refined elegance, Fénelon offers a setting that’s almost too good to be true.

Planning your visit

The visit to Château de Fénelon is unrestricted, allowing guests to explore the castle at their own pace and appreciate the intricacies of its architecture and furnishings. Informative panels throughout the site provide historical context and guide visitors through the castle’s many rooms and exhibits.

The castle is open from April to October. Closed on Tuesdays and Saturdays, except in July and August when it is closed on Saturdays only.